Digital Violence Against Women: A Socio-Legal Perspective from Gwalior Region

Abstract

The rapid expansion of digital platforms has led to a parallel rise in cyber violence against women, particularly in socio-culturally sensitive regions. Despite the existence of legal frameworks addressing cyber offences in India, underreporting and ineffective enforcement continue to impede justice. This study examines the nature, prevalence, and reporting patterns of cyber-crimes against women in the Chambal region through a socio-legal empirical approach. Primary data was collected from 100 women respondents using structured questionnaires, supplemented by interviews with law enforcement personnel. The findings reveal a significant gap between legal awareness and actual reporting of cyber offences, largely influenced by social stigma, fear of reputational harm, and lack of confidence in institutional mechanisms. Statistical analysis indicates a meaningful relationship between awareness levels and reporting behaviour. The study concludes that legal provisions alone are insufficient without gender-sensitive enforcement, digital literacy initiatives, and region-specific awareness programmes. The paper offers policy-oriented recommendations to strengthen institutional response and enhance access to justice for women in cyberspace.